In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), a primary
requirement for the establishment of communication among nodes is
that nodes should cooperate with each other. In the presence of
malevolent nodes, this requirement may lead to serious security
concerns; for instance, such nodes may disrupt the routing process.
In this context, preventing or detecting malicious nodes launching
grayhole or collaborative blackhole attacks is a challenge. This
paper attempts to resolve this issue by designing a dynamic source
routing (DSR)-based routing mechanism, which is referred to as the
cooperative bait detection scheme (CBDS), that integrates the
advantages of both proactive and reactive defense architectures. Our
CBDS method implements a reverse tracing technique to help in
achieving the stated goal. Simulation results are provided, showing
that in the presence of malicious-node attacks, the CBDS outperforms
the DSR, 2ACK, and best-effort fault-tolerant routing (BFTR)
protocols (chosen as benchmarks) in terms of packet delivery ratio
and routing overhead (chosen as performance metrics).
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